Myanmar Food: 12 Traditional Dishes

Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is a country rich in cultural diversity and culinary heritage. Myanmar cuisine reflects the country’s unique history, geography, and influences from neighboring regions like India, Thailand, and China. In this article, we’ll explore twelve traditional dishes that embody the essence of Myanmar food, showcasing the flavors and ingredients that make it so special.

1. Mohinga

Often considered the national dish of Myanmar, mohinga is a flavorful fish soup served over rice noodles. The broth is typically made from catfish, flavored with lemongrass, garlic, and ginger. Topped with crispy fried onions and boiled eggs, mohigna is commonly enjoyed for breakfast but is delightful at any time of the day.

2. Shan Noodles

Originating from the Shan State, Shan noodles are a beloved dish throughout Myanmar. This simple yet satisfying meal features flat rice noodles served with a savory sauce made from shredded chicken or pork, garlic, and chili. It’s usually garnished with fresh herbs, peanuts, and sometimes served with a side of broth.

3. Laphet Thoke

Laphet thoke is a unique salad made from fermented tea leaves, a staple in Myanmar cuisine. The salad is typically mixed with shredded cabbage, tomatoes, nuts, and sesame seeds, drizzled with a tangy dressing. It’s a refreshing dish that embodies the rich flavors of Myanmar food, and it’s often served as a side dish or appetizer.

4. Curry Dishes

Curry is a significant part of Myanmar cuisine, with various regional interpretations. Myanmar curries are often less spicy than Indian or Thai curries but are packed with flavor. Commonly made with chicken, beef, or lentils, the curries are usually served with rice and a variety of vegetable side dishes, creating a wholesome and satisfying meal.

5. Samosas

Though originally from India, samosas have become a popular snack in Myanmar. These deep-fried pastries are typically filled with spiced potatoes, peas, and sometimes meat. Crispy on the outside and soft on the inside, samosas are often enjoyed with a side of sweet and spicy dipping sauce.

6. Nga Htamin

Nga htamin, or fish rice, is a traditional dish that showcases the fresh fish found in Myanmar’s rivers. The dish features steamed rice mixed with fish, garlic, and a hint of turmeric. It’s often garnished with fresh herbs and served with a side of vegetable soup. Nga htamin is a simple yet nourishing meal that reflects the country’s bountiful aquatic resources.

7. Khao Swe

Khao swe, or coconut noodle soup, is a delightful dish that combines elements of Thai and Myanmar cuisine. This creamy soup features wheat noodles submerged in a coconut milk broth, typically topped with chicken, boiled eggs, and a sprinkle of fried onions. It’s a comforting meal that is both rich and flavorful, perfect for any occasion.

8. Coconut Rice

Coconut rice is a popular side dish in Myanmar, often served alongside curries and other main dishes. The rice is cooked with coconut milk, giving it a rich, creamy texture and a subtle sweetness. It pairs beautifully with savory dishes, making it a staple in many Myanmar households.

9. Ohn No Khao Swe

Similar to khao swe, ohn no khao swe is a coconut milk noodle soup but has its unique twist. This version typically includes chicken, yellow curry powder, and a mix of spices, making it a heartier dish. Topped with crispy fried noodles and garnished with lime and cilantro, it’s a popular choice for both locals and visitors.

10. Grilled Fish

Grilling fish is a popular method of preparation in Myanmar, especially in coastal areas. Grilled fish is often marinated in a blend of spices and served with a tangy dipping sauce made from lime and chili. It’s a light and flavorful dish, perfect for enjoying with a side of rice and fresh vegetables.

11. Pickled Vegetables

Pickled vegetables are a common side dish in Myanmar cuisine, providing a delightful contrast to richer dishes. Commonly pickled items include mustard greens, radishes, and cucumbers. These tangy, crunchy accompaniments add a refreshing element to meals, balancing the flavors of curries and soups.

12. Burmese Pancakes

Lastly, Burmese pancakes, known as kauknyintok, are a popular street food snack. These thin pancakes are made from rice flour and are often filled with sweetened coconut or served with savory toppings. They are typically enjoyed as a snack or dessert, showcasing the diverse flavors of Myanmar cuisine.

Exploring Myanmar food offers a delicious journey through the country’s rich cultural tapestry. From hearty soups and savory curries to refreshing salads and street snacks, traditional dishes reflect the diverse influences that shape Myanmar cuisine. Whether you’re enjoying a warm bowl of mohiga or a refreshing laphet thoke, each dish tells a story of the people and land that create it. As you discover the flavors of Myanmar, you’ll find a culinary experience that is as vibrant and rich as its history.